ISO-OSI Model

ISO-OSI Model

OSI Model

OSI Model

OSI Model

ISO-OSI Model

OSI Model

OSI Model

Transmission

Transmission

Transmission Impairments

Attenuation

Noise

Noise

Noise

Noise

Mathematics of the fourier series

Wave

Sawtooth Wave

Sawtooth Wave

Sawtooth

Sawtooth Wave

Sawtooth Wave

K Terms Sawtooth Wave

Filtering Signal

Fourier Transform

Inverse Fourier Transform

Fourier Series

Fourier

Sine-Cosine Representation

Sine-Cosine Representation

Sine & Cosine

Aperiodic Signals

Power Spectral Density and Bandwidth

Average Power

Data Encoding

Modulation

Modulation

Digital Signal

Modulation Rate

Nonreturn to zero (NRZ)

Nonreturn to zero Inverted (NRZI)

Nonreturn to Zero Inverted

Nonreturn to Zero

Nonreturn to zero Inverted

Multilevel Binary

Multilevel Binary

Properties of bipolar-AMI

Properties of bipolar-AMI

Properties of bipolar-AMI

Properties of bipolar-AMI

Information Measure

Information Measure

Example Continues

Biphase

Biphase

Manchester

Manchester

Differential Manchester

Manchester Encoding

F-16 subsystems

Modulation Rate

Scrambling Techniques

Scrambling Techniques

Scrambling Techniques

Encoding Techniques

Encoding Techniques

Encoding Techniques

Encoding Techniques

Encoding Techniques

Encoding Techniques

Encoding Techniques

Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

Data Rate

NRZ Codes

QPSK

NRZ-L & QPSK

Performance

Performance

Performance

Multipoint Local Networks

Bell 108 modem

Multilevel Signaling

Multilevel Signaling

Multilevel Signaling

Multilevel Signaling

Multilevel Signaling

Multilevel Signaling

Multilevel Signaling

Signaling

Analog Data & Digital Signal

A/D Converter